The video game industry is one of the most dynamic and profitable branches of the technology sector. Today it counts over 3 billion players worldwide and recorded global revenues of over 184 billion dollars in 2024.

Trends such as cloud gaming, virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), esports, blockchain technologies, and digital marketplaces are transforming how games are created, distributed, and monetized.
After a period of strong growth during the COVID-19 pandemic and a slowdown in 2023, the market has shown resilience and continued to grow.

Studios are increasingly focusing on resource optimization and scalable models (such as “live ops”), balancing innovation with risk reduction. At the same time, investor interest and the expansion of a global audience confirm that gaming remains a stable and promising industry.

Why Zunic Law for Gaming?

Our team of lawyers specialized in IT and gaming provides legal support to all participants in the industry – from global companies and publishers to independent studios, hardware manufacturers, advertisers, and esports organizations.

  • Deep support for the gaming industry: we cover video game development and publishing, IP and brand protection, online payments, microtransactions, marketing and e-commerce, employment matters, and investments.
  • Borderless regulation: we align operations with relevant frameworks (GDPR, e-commerce rules, consumer protection, advertising rules, child-protection regulations).
  • Comprehensive approach: from game design and launch to global expansion, joint ventures, and strategic partnerships.
  • Pragmatic delivery: focused on what is critical for growth—from IP protection and secure monetization to fair, transparent player terms.

Our Approach: Creativity Within the Rules

The gaming industry uniquely blends art, technology, and business. Our role is to enable unhindered creativity and innovation through legal solutions that preserve safety and compliance. We support the entire process – from concept to launch – through clearly defined relationships with partners, employees, and investors.

We pay particular attention to user and data protection, ensuring robust privacy systems and transparent information processing.

At the same time, we develop an IP strategy that protects everything you create – from music and graphics to brand and code. And when it’s time to scale, we prepare you for global expansion and entry into new markets, supporting your collaborations with international publishers.

Key Services in Gaming Industry

  1.  Drafting video game development and publishing agreements
  2. Drafting video game distribution agreements
  3. Drafting end-user license agreements (EULA), website terms of use, competition rules for video games, and privacy policies
  4. General regulations and compliance
  5. User-protection compliance (including child protection)
  6. Sponsorships and endorsements
  7. Game sales enablement and e-commerce
  8. Data protection and GDPR compliance
  9. Acquisition and licensing of video games and intellectual property rights
  10. Licensing of music and sound recordings
  11. Brand-protection strategy (including protection and enforcement of copyright and other IP rights)
  12. Patent design and trademark protection
  13. Mergers & acquisitions and strategic transactions
  14. Joint ventures
  15. Employment contracts, consulting agreements, and work-for-hire/independent contractor agreements
  16. Subcontractor and outsourcing agreements

Below are details of the services we provide, with an emphasis on the concrete results we deliver.

1) Drafting Video Game Development and Publishing Agreements

Preparing and negotiating development and publishing agreements covering:

  • precise definition of the scope of work and delivery timelines,
  • regulation of copyright and related rights over code, graphics, and narrative elements,
  • revenue-sharing models and fee-calculation mechanisms,
  • indemnity, confidentiality, and exclusivity clauses,
  • termination provisions and force majeure.

 

Result: a stable foundation for cooperation that prevents misunderstandings and protects investments, enabling smooth development and launch.

2) Drafting Video Game Distribution Agreements

Drafting distribution agreements with particular emphasis on:

  • territorial scope of rights,
  • obligations related to digital distribution (Steam, Epic, PlayStation Store, Xbox Marketplace),
  • financial models (revenue sharing, fixed fees, minimum guarantees),
  • the distributor’s marketing and promotional obligations,
  • anti-piracy protection and obligations related to technical protection measures (DRM).

 

Result: predictable revenues and controlled global distribution while reducing the risk of losses and piracy.

3) Drafting EULAs, Terms of Use, Competition Rules, and Privacy Policies

Preparing end-user license agreements (EULA), terms of use, and privacy policies, including:

  • defining the scope of use (limited and non-transferable licenses),
  • liability limitations and warranty disclaimers,
  • choice of governing law and dispute-resolution mechanisms (e.g., arbitration),
  • rules for user-generated content and moderation mechanisms,
  • data protection in accordance with the GDPR and domestic data-protection laws.

 

Result: clearly defined relationships with players that build trust and reduce the risk of disputes and regulatory penalties.

4) General Regulations and Compliance

Advising on and adapting operations to applicable regulations:

  • consumer protection,
  • e-commerce,
  • competition rules and prohibitions on unfair commercial practices,
  • regulation relating to loot box mechanisms and in-game purchases.

 

Result: compliant operations that enable safe and sustainable growth of your gaming business.

5) User-Protection Compliance (Including Child Protection)

Preparing internal policies and procedures to ensure compliance with:

  • content-rating systems (PEGI, ESRB),
  • regulations on the protection of minors,
  • age-verification mechanisms and parental controls,
  • children’s privacy rules (e.g., COPPA in the U.S.),
  • obligations to establish safety mechanisms in online communities.

 

Result: long-term protection of reputation and community trust through responsible operations that exceed the legal minimum.

6) Sponsorships and Endorsements

Drafting and negotiating sponsorship and endorsement agreements:

  • regulating rights to use name, likeness, and content,
  • compliance with advertising rules and labeling of sponsored content,
  • morals clauses for reputation protection,
  • copyright issues over promotional content.

 

Result: partnerships with sponsors and promoters that increase visibility and brand value, with full legal and reputational security.

7) Game Sales Enablement and E-Commerce

Legal support regarding:

  • drafting sales terms and return policies,
  • consumer-rights protection,
  • taxes and VAT in e-commerce,
  • resolving cross-border sales issues and customs obligations.

 

Result: a secure and compliant sales system that builds player trust and enables predictable revenue growth in global markets.

8) Data Protection and GDPR Compliance

Services include:

  • data-protection impact assessments,
  • data-processing agreements with partners,
  • consent-collection mechanisms,
  • maintaining records of processing activities,
  • representation before the Data Protection Authority and other bodies.

 

Result: full GDPR compliance that protects user data, builds community trust, and minimizes the risk of fines and disputes.

9) Acquisition and Licensing of Video Games and Intellectual Property Rights

Preparing licensing and assignment agreements, including:

  • legal due diligence of IP portfolios,
  • warranties regarding ownership and freedom from encumbrances,
  • enforcement against infringements through cease-and-desist letters, interim measures, and court proceedings.

10) Licensing of Music and Sound Recordings

Negotiating and drafting agreements for the use of music and sound effects:

  • agreements with authors, performers, and producers,
  • synchronization licenses,
  • clearing rights via collective management organizations,
  • securing international licenses for distribution.

 

Result: secure and verified IP rights that increase the value of your IP portfolio and enable uninterrupted commercial use.

11) Brand Protection Strategy and IP Enforcement

Developing and executing a brand-protection strategy, including:

  • registration and maintenance of trademarks, domains, and visual identity,
  • anti-piracy and anti-infringement actions,
  • market monitoring to prevent violations,
  • proceedings before arbitration and judicial bodies.

 

Result: a strong, protected brand that enhances market recognition and ensures long-term competitive advantage.

12) Patent, Trademark, and Design Protection

Providing services related to:

  • filing applications for patents, trademarks, and industrial designs,
  • representation in opposition and invalidation proceedings,
  • protection of innovations and visual designs,
  • litigation for infringement of rights.

 

Result: legally protected innovations and designs that ensure market exclusivity and maximize the commercial value of your creations.

13) Mergers & Acquisitions and Strategic Transactions

End-to-end support for reorganizations and acquisitions:

  • legal due diligence of target companies,
  • drafting share or asset purchase agreements,
  • advice on merger-control filings and competition rules,
  • transaction structuring considering tax and regulatory aspects.

 

Result: safe, strategically structured mergers or acquisitions that maximize value and ensure long-term business sustainability.

14) Joint Ventures

Drafting joint-venture agreements:

  • regulating capital structure and partner rights,
  • joint ownership and use of intellectual property,
  • non-compete clauses and exit mechanisms,
  • agreements on dispute resolution via arbitration or mediation.

 

Result: clearly structured partnerships that balance all parties’ interests and enable secure, successful joint investment.

15) Employment, Consulting, and Work-for-Hire/Independent Contractor Agreements

Preparing and aligning employment and contractual relationships:

  • regulating IP rights created in employment,
  • confidentiality and non-compete clauses,
  • agreements with freelancers and consultants,
  • compliance with tax and social-contribution regulations.

 

Result: transparent, compliant workforce arrangements that protect your IP and ensure business stability.

16) Subcontractor and Outsourcing Agreements

Drafting and negotiating agreements with external partners:

  • precisely defining service levels and delivery quality,
  • regulating rights to deliverables and intellectual property,
  • obligations to protect trade secrets and confidential information,
  • allocation of liability and legal consequences of breach.

 

Result: reliable partner agreements that ensure quality delivery, protect your rights, and provide long-term, secure business relationships.

What Collaboration with Us Looks Like

  1.  Rapid discovery – analysis of the business model and objectives.
  2. Compliance mapping – identification of legal risks and an action plan.
  3. Implementation – contracts, policies, IP protection, procedures.
  4. Operational support – monitoring, updates, and readiness for global markets.

Examples of Completed Projects (Non-Confidential)

  • Legal support to a client launching a game in global markets.
  • Drafting EULA agreements and privacy policies for a client releasing a game globally, in line with the GDPR.
  • Trademark and copyright protection for a client at the international level.
  • Agreements for a client in the esports industry covering tournaments and sponsorships.
external dpo, data protection representative, intellectual property law, it contracts, information security law

Tijana Žunić Marić

mergers and acquisitions, crypto lawyer, fintech

Nemanja Žunić

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How can I protect the intellectual property of my video game?

IP protection in the gaming industry covers various game elements – from code and graphics to music, story, and brand. In practice, different forms of legal protection are used, such as copyright, trademarks, and industrial designs.

Zunic Law helps clients understand which protection mechanisms are most appropriate for their game and in which markets to consider registration.

Agreements in the gaming industry regulate relationships with employees, freelancers, publishers, distributors, and partners.

They define ownership rights in the game, financial allocation, and the obligations of each party.

Zunic Law ensures that agreements are clearly drafted and compliant with applicable regulations, thus reducing the risk of disputes and ambiguities.

Data-protection rules, such as the GDPR in the EU, require clear information to users about how their data is collected and processed.

For underage users, there are additional obligations, including parental controls and communication limitations.

Zunic Law advises clients on how to adapt privacy policies, terms of use, and internal procedures to applicable standards.

International markets bring additional challenges—different e-commerce rules, refunds, taxes, and specific regulations related to microtransactions and loot box mechanisms.

Zunic Law helps clients understand these differences and avoid legal obstacles when placing a game in foreign markets.

Collaboration with influencers and sponsors can be a key part of game promotion, but it often carries risks related to content-usage rights and advertising-compliance rules.

Zunic Law drafts and negotiates agreements that protect client interests, clearly define obligations, and prevent potential misunderstandings.

In cases of IP infringement or breach of contractual obligations, various legal mechanisms are available – from cease-and-desist letters and negotiations to arbitration and court proceedings.

Zunic Law advises clients on the most effective approach, taking into account speed, costs, and protection of market reputation.

Articles in IT Law