PracticesBanking & Finance
Practice area

Banking & Finance

Regulatory, transactional and disputes work for banks, funds, investors and companies operating in Serbia, Montenegro and across the region.

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The financial sector sits at the centre of every economy, from banking and lending to cross-border transactions and new investment instruments.

For companies, banks, investors and financial institutions, the challenge is to balance commercial objectives against the regulatory framework. That balance depends on lawyers who know the local rules and the international practice behind them.

The Zunic Law team brings exactly that combination: detailed knowledge of banking and financial regulation, long-standing experience and an international perspective.

Key practice areas

What we handle

Nine areas of work across regulation, transactions and disputes.

01

Banking regulatory compliance

  • Advice on national and international banking rules, including NBS regulation and EU directives.
  • Internal policies and procedures that keep operations aligned with regulatory and market standards.
  • Internal reviews and gap analyses that identify risk areas and the measures to close them.
  • Representation before regulators during inspections and supervisory proceedings.
  • Reporting procedures and compliance programmes for financial institutions.
02

General banking

  • Opening and managing accounts with domestic and foreign banks.
  • Preparation, negotiation and conclusion of credit agreements, guarantees, promissory notes and security instruments.
  • Review of lending terms and advice on the best available options.
  • Resolution of disputes with banks and financial institutions.
  • Standardised contract templates for institutions' internal use.
03

Open banking

  • Advice to banks and fintechs on open banking obligations under PSD2 and domestic rules.
  • Internal policies for secure, compliant data sharing with third parties.
  • Contracts between banks, payment service providers and users.
  • Data protection and GDPR compliance where sensitive financial information is shared.
  • Licence and approval applications, and representation before regulators.
04

Foreign exchange and cross-border business

  • Advice on FX regulation, including approvals and reporting obligations.
  • Drafting and review of international loan, guarantee and financing agreements.
  • Compliance for companies receiving foreign investment or making payments abroad.
  • Representation before the NBS on cross-border transfers and financial controls.
  • Alignment with international payment and investment standards.
05

Insolvency and restructuring in the financial sector

  • Support for institutions and companies facing liquidity or solvency pressure.
  • Debt restructuring options and negotiations with creditors.
  • Reorganisation plans and representation in court proceedings.
  • Representation of banks and creditors in bankruptcy, protecting recovery rights.
  • Advice on transactions carried out within insolvency proceedings.
06

NPL portfolios

  • Advice to banks and investors on the sale and acquisition of non-performing loans.
  • Due diligence on the legal status of receivables and security instruments.
  • Negotiation and drafting of NPL purchase agreements.
  • Collection and restructuring strategy after acquisition.
  • Support for investors optimising recovery through enforcement or debtor reorganisation.
07

Project and structured finance

  • Legal aspects of financing large infrastructure and energy projects.
  • Drafting and negotiation of loan, guarantee and collateral agreements in complex transactions.
  • Structuring of financing arrangements around regulatory requirements and investor needs.
  • Coordination with international financial institutions and lenders.
08

Investment funds and capital markets

  • Support for funds and managers on establishment and ongoing operation.
  • Compliance with capital markets legislation and regulators' rules.
  • Preparation of prospectuses, reports and other mandatory documentation.
  • Representation before the Securities Commission.
09

Sustainability and green finance

  • Advice on green bonds, ESG financing and sustainability-linked loans.
  • Support for banks and companies embedding ESG criteria in financial products.
  • Implementation of developing EU regulation, including the Taxonomy and SFDR.
  • Internal policies and procedures for sustainable finance reporting.
How we work

What working with us looks like

Five stages, from the first assessment to continuing support.

01

Initial analysis

We assess the regulatory framework and the client's financial objectives.

02

Strategy

We set out a plan that combines regulatory compliance with commercial needs.

03

Documentation

We draft contracts, internal acts and regulatory filings.

04

Representation

We act for the client before banks, regulators and courts.

05

Ongoing support

Continuing advice and training for long-term stability and compliance.

Track record

Selected matters

A sample of recent work in the sector.

Regulatory

Regulatory alignment for a bank

Prepared internal policies bringing the bank's operations in line with international standards.

Financing

International credit transaction

Advised a domestic company on a loan agreement with a foreign lender.

Restructuring

Restructuring of a financial institution

Represented a bank in reorganisation proceedings and negotiations with creditors.

NPL

NPL portfolio acquisition

Ran due diligence and advised an investor acquiring a non-performing loan portfolio.

What Clients Ask Us Most

Which regulatory obligations matter most for banks and financial institutions in Serbia?

Banks and financial institutions operate under the Law on Banks, the Law on Foreign Exchange Operations, the Law on Payment Services and numerous secondary acts issued by the National Bank of Serbia.

The core obligations cover reporting, liquidity and capital adequacy, consumer protection rules and anti-money laundering requirements. Our team tracks changes to the framework and helps clients adapt in time, avoiding penalties and reputational damage.

Can a foreign company open an account in Serbia, and what are the steps?

Yes. The procedure depends on the legal form and the nature of the business. Documentation on registration, ownership structure and the purpose of the account is required, and banks often ask for additional information under anti-money laundering rules.

We support the full process: communication with banks, preparation of documentation and negotiation of account terms.

How are cross-border loans regulated?

Cross-border loans fall under foreign exchange regulation, which means the agreements must be reported to the National Bank of Serbia. The parties also need to ensure the terms comply with domestic legislation and tax rules.

We review the agreements, prepare the filings and advise on the optimal transaction structure, so obligations are lawfully assumed and future disputes with regulators are avoided.

Is it possible to buy an NPL portfolio in Serbia, and what are the risks?

Yes, and it is increasingly common. These transactions carry risks around the legal status of security instruments, registered pledges and potential litigation.

We run detailed due diligence, identify the risks and support negotiations with banks and portfolio sellers, so investors know exactly what they are buying.

What are the first steps in restructuring a financial institution?

Restructuring begins with a full analysis of the financial position and identification of the problem: liquidity, capital adequacy, non-performing loans or regulatory breaches.

A restructuring plan follows, which may include debt rescheduling, sale of an NPL portfolio or reorganisation of business units. We take part in negotiations with creditors, regulators and investors, and represent the client in the necessary proceedings.

Are guarantees and promissory notes mandatory in every credit arrangement?

No. Security depends on the agreement with the bank and the type of transaction. For smaller loans or clients with a strong credit history, banks sometimes require no additional instruments.

For larger or more complex arrangements, guarantees, promissory notes and pledges are standard. We advise on negotiations and on security that is proportionate to the business.

How long does regulatory alignment take?

It depends on the complexity of the business and the scope of the changes required. Smaller companies can implement core policies and procedures in a few weeks; for banks and financial institutions the process can run for months, particularly where it involves international standards such as Basel III or EU regulation.

We prepare a phased implementation plan, so clients reach minimum compliance quickly and improve their processes from there.

Next step

Let's talk about your financing or regulatory matter

Tell us what you are structuring, licensing or defending and we will map the framework that applies.

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